Pijirigua is a town in the Municipio of Artemisa. During the Cuban War of Independence (latter becoming the Spanish American War when the United States joined) the town of Pijirigua was burned by the Cuban forces. According to the Census of 1943 it had a population of 551 people, the Census of 1931 shows 479 people. In 2002 it had an estimated population of 1,618 people.